Ground mapping at the leading engineering office
In the land mapping method, in general, by measuring the lengths, angles and height difference, the shape and dimensions of the complications are specified and drawn.
Introducing ground mapping tools
Angle finder in land mapping:
An angle finder in land mapping is a device in the form of a camera that is used to measure angles. Horizontal and vertical angles between two stretches can be measured by using an angle finder in land mapping. The angle finder camera in ground mapping is installed on a tripod and is located at a certain point. The ground vector is a device designed in the form of a camera, and it is placed on a tripod. This camera is used to measure the height difference between two points. This camera is used in land mapping along with a long ruler called index.
To determine the height difference between two points in land mapping, we first place the leveler between the two points; We make it level, then place the index on the first point and read the number on the index using a level finder in land mapping. After that, we put the index on the second point and read the number on the index again. The difference between the read numbers shows the height difference of two points.
Meter tape in land surveying:
One of the length measurement tools in land surveying, meters It is a strip. The meters that are used for land mapping work are made of different metal materials, fabric, etc. and with different lengths from 1 to 50 meters.
Laser electronic length finder in land mapping:
Using electronic tools in land mapping, measuring lengths, especially long lengths, is done faster. The basis of the work of electronic rangefinders in land mapping is based on sending and receiving reflected waves and measuring the wave phase difference. According to the measurement conditions and the type of equipment used, the accuracy of the measurement in land mapping will be different. Usually electronic length finders are installed on the theodolite and are used together with a prism that reflects the waves. In land mapping, the length finder is placed on the first point and the prism is placed on the second point. The desired wavelength is calculated by sending and receiving again. Today, laser waves are used more for length measurement in land mapping.
Total station in land mapping:
Total stations in land mapping are the most widely used and simplest mapping devices in Iran and all over the world. They are advanced devices combining a length finder with theodolite, which with the ability to instantly display the coordinates of points, has solved many of the problems of the old length and angle methods in land mapping.
Land mapping, The oldest method of measuring and determining the exact position of complications is in geomatic sciences. Also, this type of mapping has broad and basic fields of activity for other geomatic fields such as: photogrammetry, geodesy, geodesy astronomy, hydrography, cadastre, GPS and GAS.
Building
One of the decisive parts in the construction of a building is to do the mapping correctly. Land surveying in the building is like the first brick in the construction of the wall, which if it is built crooked, it will affect the entire construction operation. What the employer should know for building ground mapping is that ground mapping is needed in all parts of building engineering.
In land surveying services, it is necessary to use expert teams to carry out construction works, because in case of mistakes or errors, irreparable costs will be imposed on the building construction project. Considering that the ground mapping of the building in a construction operation is a precise and delicate work, it is very necessary to use expert staff in this matter.
What is the purpose of the building's ground mapping?
The purpose of building mapping is to document and determine the current state of a land before construction. Generally, before building a project, land surveying operations are carried out in order to determine the boundaries of a plot of land. The results of this stage are used to prepare phase zero and one maps to determine the opportunities and risks of a project. The purpose of ground mapping of a building before construction is to prepare an official and approved image of a specific property at a specific time, all of its boundary positions can be easily located with ground mapping operations and presented in the form of a final report. to be
Determine on and foam in building ground mapping
Land mapping is a very specialized work whose legal dimensions are more colorful than its technical dimensions. One of the cases that can be given as an example regarding land mapping; The discussion of determining the height and floor of a project is in land surveying before construction. Height and floor are the horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates of a project, which can be considered as the limits of the building, and the building operations after completion should not exceed these limits. In construction operations in land surveying, contractors interact with municipalities regarding top and bottom, and municipalities are usually very strict about complying with relevant rules.
The field of activity in mapping
Route mapping:
Route mapping examines the methods of planning and implementing railway, road, power transmission lines, water, gas and oil pipelines.
Underground mapping:
Underground mapping, related to mapping operations in an underground path such as transport tunnels and mines, implementing the geometric plan of the tunnel is
Hydrographic mapping:
Hydrographic mapping, in order to have the position of the depth of seas and rivers for the passage of ships, submarines, the passage of oil and gas pipelines in the deep seas. It is used for the creation of new and mechanized docks, the restoration of ports and their coastal facilities, as well as the correct and optimal use of lakes and dams.
Military mapping:< /b>
Military mapping is used to prepare military maps and determine the important strategic points of a region and for military purposes and the arrangement and deployment of fighting forces and offensive and defensive positions on a large scale.
Registration mapping:
Registration mapping is used in the field of real estate for the purpose of determining land boundaries and the area of property plots.
Urban mapping:
Urban mapping is used to prepare and implement comprehensive and detailed plans and guidelines for cities.
Construction mapping:
The science, technology and art of collecting reliable information from analog or digital images of objects and their surroundings in a basic system. It is known as construction mapping.